Nepal is currently facing political instability and unmet expectations of the public in many ways. Political parties and leaders are questioned by the public and many other fronts for their actions and inability to bring radical transformation in the country, which was assured again and again by political parties, their leaders and expected by the public in Nepal.
In this context, Nepal’s current political landscape faces a multitude of challenges. While a new coalition government took office this year in February 2024, people believed that it was a continuation of the same common programmes, tested but failed leadership. Corruption continues to plague various levels of government, which hinders economic development and erodes public trust. Federalism, implemented after the war, while offering opportunities for local governance, faces challenges in resource allocation and effective implementation, potentially exacerbating existing inequalities. These intertwined issues demand a commitment to national dialogue, robust anti-corruption measures, new thinking and a focus on strengthening democratic institutions to ensure a more stable, prosperous and equitable future for Nepal.
Due to the rise of independent political leaders in the last local election and the popularity of the new political parties led by new and second or third generation’s relatively young leaders, hopes for new approaches in Nepali politics have increased. This has also raised interest and curiosity among young people in the Nepali political system. In contrast, there has been a noticeable disengagement of young people from the political process in recent decades in Nepal. It is imperative to understand the significance of youth involvement and explore effective strategies to attract them to politics.
Reality and expectations
According to Nepal’s National Population and Housing Census 2021, the population of males and females aged between 15-39 years old is 20 per cent and 22.5 per cent of the total male and female population respectively. It shows that around one-fifth of the population is between 15-39 years old in Nepal. People in this age group can fall under the definition of youth. Defining youth solely by age limits falls short. It’s a complex period characterised by a unique blend of social, economic, psychological and political influences. According to UNESCO, youth is a crucial stage for acquiring the capabilities and social skills needed to become a responsible and contributing member of society. They can contribute to many aspects of nation building including strengthening the political system and making the country prosper. Studies on youth involvement by the UN and academics suggest that many young people consider political issues to be the most impactful on their daily lives.
In the context of Nepal’s current political dilemmas and challenges, involving youths is crucial for several reasons. Youths are the future of our world and they have a vital stake in the political process. They are the ones who will be most affected by the decisions that are made today. They also have the potential to make a real difference in shaping the future. Youths are also hopes and images of the country. Youths often bring a new perspective and a stronger sense of idealism to political discourse. They can challenge the status quo and advocate for innovative solutions to entrenched problems like corruption and inefficiency. As future leaders and citizens who will inherit the consequences of present-day decisions, youth have a significant stake in building a prosperous Nepal. Their involvement ensures that policies cater to their needs and aspirations.
Youths are often brimming with energy and creativity, which can be a valuable asset in tackling complex political issues. Their tech-savvy and familiarity with new media can be harnessed to promote transparency and accountability. Youths growing up in the post-war era might not have directly experienced the conflict, but its legacy still impacts them. Their involvement in transitional justice processes can promote reconciliation and prevent future violence. Youths are often more disillusioned with traditional political parties due to perceived corruption and inefficiency. Their inclusion can help rebuild public trust in democratic institutions and political processes.
Way forward
It is essential to promote civic education and political awareness to engage youth in politics. Education systems should incorporate civic studies and encourage critical thinking to foster an understanding of democratic processes, governance structures and the rights and responsibilities of citizens. Additionally, initiatives such as workshops, seminars and campaigns on political awareness can help young people comprehend the impact of politics on their lives and encourage them to participate actively.
Political parties, civic organisations and public institutions should establish youth-friendly platforms and spaces for political engagement, which can significantly attract and involve young individuals. Political parties’ youth wings or dedicated youth committees can allow young people to contribute, share their ideas and actively participate in decision-making processes. Furthermore, digital platforms, social media and online forums provide accessible spaces for youth to express their opinions, engage in discussions and collaborate on political initiatives.
Mentorship and leadership development programmes can play a pivotal role in encouraging youth to enter politics. Seasoned politicians, community leaders and activists can mentor young individuals, providing guidance, support and sharing their experiences. Specialized training programmes on leadership, public speaking, policy analysis and campaign management can equip youth with the necessary skills and knowledge to navigate the political landscape confidently.
Youth participation in politics is vital for building inclusive, dynamic and sustainable societies. By actively involving youths in addressing the current political dilemmas, Nepal can create a more inclusive and dynamic democracy. Their ideas, energy and commitment can be a driving force in achieving a more stable, prosperous and just future for the nation. Youth participation in politics may vary or differ by different demographics. It may be influenced by their knowledge, economic conditions and social status. Some young people may be actively engaged and enthusiastic, while others lack the resources or knowledge to participate effectively in the political system and processes. It is important that access to information is paramount for young people to ensure their meaningful participation in politics. Young people should also seek out information on political engagement and participation through diverse channels in today’s era of information overflow.
Role of senior politicians
However, we cannot ignore the roles of experienced, senior and mature politicians. Youth can learn from past successes and failures of mature and experienced politicians, avoiding repeating mistakes and capitalising on what worked before. On the other hand, experience alone isn’t enough. Nepal needs democratic leaders who are committed to serving the people and upholding democratic values.
By holding politicians accountable, participating in elections and engaging in civil society, citizens can also help ensure Nepal’s leaders are working towards a prosperous future for all. With the help of civil society, youth can develop and advocate for well-rounded policies that address Nepal’s specific needs in areas like infrastructure, education, health employment and economic development.
To attract youth to politics, it is crucial to address the barriers they face. These barriers may include lack of financial resources, limited access to networks and age-related biases. Governments and political parties should take steps to ensure equal opportunities for young candidates, including the provision of campaign financing, mentorship and initiatives to increase youth representation in decision-making bodies. Creating an inclusive environment that values the contributions of young individuals is vital in fostering their political engagement.
